Causes of coronary heart disease

Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is caused by a combination of factors, including lifestyle choices, medical conditions, and genetic factors. Some of the most common causes of CHD include:

1. High blood pressure

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, can damage the walls of the arteries, making it easier for cholesterol and other substances to build up in the arteries and form plaques.

2. High cholesterol

Cholesterol is a fatty substance that can build up in the walls of the arteries, leading to the formation of plaques. High levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol and low levels of "good" HDL cholesterol increase the risk of CHD.

3. Smoking

Smoking is a major risk factor for CHD. The chemicals in tobacco smoke can damage the blood vessels, making it easier for plaques to form.

4. Diabetes

People with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing CHD because high levels of blood sugar can damage the walls of the arteries.

5. Family history

A family history of CHD can increase the risk of developing the condition. This may be due to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors.

6. Obesity

Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of CHD because it can lead to high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.

7. Lack of physical activity

Not getting enough exercise can increase the risk of CHD because it can lead to obesity, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol.

8. Unhealthy diet

A diet high in saturated and trans fats, salt, and sugar can increase the risk of CHD because it can lead to high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and obesity.

9. Age and gender

The risk of CHD increases with age, and men are more likely to develop the condition than women, although women's risk increases after menopause.

10. Stress

Chronic stress can increase the risk of CHD by causing inflammation in the body and contributing to unhealthy lifestyle choices like smoking, overeating, and not exercising.

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